The Parisian club has now claimed the prestigious trophy on fourteen separate occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a stoppage-time leveler followed by a successful penalty shootout to get past their arch-rivals in the Gulf and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions title.
The European champions seemed to be sailing towards a comfortable win in the showdown between the French league champions and the French Cup winners after Ousmane Dembele opened the scoring in the opening stages.
However, Marseille struck two times late to seize a surprise advantage. Initially, the English forward scored from the penalty spot, before the defender unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable twist of fortune, the Portuguese striker snatched a vital leveler in the final moments to force the contest into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, stopping decisive attempts from O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and the young talent all converted with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a 4-1 shootout victory.
Now 14-time winners Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after completing a league and cup double, have now lifted this trophy for the twelfth time in the past thirteen seasons.